5–10 Jul 2021
Europe/Rome timezone

Session

Why and How the Sun and the Stars Shine: the Borexino Experiment

FS1
6 Jul 2021, 06:30

Conveners

Why and How the Sun and the Stars Shine: the Borexino Experiment: Block 1

  • Dmitry Naumov (JINR)
  • Gianpaolo Bellini (University of Milano and INFN)

Why and How the Sun and the Stars Shine: the Borexino Experiment: Block 2

  • Gemma Testera (INFN Genova (Italy))
  • Gianpaolo Bellini (University of Milano and INFN)

Why and How the Sun and the Stars Shine: the Borexino Experiment: Block 3

  • Gianpaolo Bellini (University of Milano and INFN)
  • Gioacchino Ranucci (Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare - sezione di Milano)

Description

The Borexino experiment, thanks to the unprecedented radiopurity of the detector, never reached even now by any other experiment, succeeded to measure all solar neutrinos fluxes, which are emitted by five nuclear reactions of the pp cycle, which produces 99% the whole solar energy, and from the CNO cycle, responsible for 1% of it. The existence of these cycles had already been hypothesized since 1937 by Hans Bethe and Carl Friedrich von Weizsacker: the pp cycle, which leads to the production of 4He, is dominant in stars having a size like or smaller than the Sun, while the CNO cycle, catalyzed by 12C, 14N and 16O nuclides, dominates in massive stars, with a mass greater at least 30% more that the solar one. The solar neutrinos flux has been globally measured by radiochemical experiments, without distinguishing among the contributions of the various nuclear reactions, while the experiments with Cherenkov light studied only a tail of the 8B reaction corresponding to 0.1% of the total flux; on the other hand, the CNO cycle has never received direct proof of its existence.
Due to its very high radiopurity, the Borexino experiment was able to measure separately the fluxes of the pp five reactions that emit neutrinos, attesting their identification, and reached the first experimental evidence of the CNO cycle existence. In this Session, these results will be discussed together with the upgrading of neutrino oscillation physics as a consequence of the measurements described above; in addition what discovered so far on geo-neutrinos has been presented.

Presentation materials

  1. Oleg Smirnov (JINR)
    06/07/2021, 06:30
    Why and how the Sun and the Stars shine: the Borexino experiment
    Talk in the parallel session

    About 99 percent of solar energy is produced through sequences of nuclear processes that convert hydrogen into helium in the so-called pp-chain. The neutrinos emitted in five of these reactions represent a unique probe of the Sun’s internal working and, at the same time, offer an intense natural neutrino beam for fundamental physics research.
    The Borexino experiment consists of a large-volume...

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  2. Marco Pallavicini (INFN and University of Genova)
    06/07/2021, 06:55
    Why and how the Sun and the Stars shine: the Borexino experiment
    Invited talk in the parallel session

    Solar neutrinos provide a sample of electron neutrinos of different energies. They are therefore a unique probe of the electron neutrino propagation through solar matter and for the experimental study of the MSW effect. Borexino, with its unique purity and sensitivity, has been able to study individually all components, extracting the best test of electron neutrino survival probability to...

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  3. Gemma Testera (INFN Genova (Italy))
    06/07/2021, 07:25
    Why and how the Sun and the Stars shine: the Borexino experiment
    Invited talk in the parallel session

    Borexino recently detect solar neutrinos from the CNO cycle.
    In the talk I will review the experiment, the analysis method, the CNO result and its implications.

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  4. Francesco Villante
    06/07/2021, 07:50
    Why and how the Sun and the Stars shine: the Borexino experiment
    Invited talk in the parallel session

    The detection of neutrinos produced by pp-chain and CNO-cycle provide us fundamental informations on the thermal stratification and on the chemical composition of the solar core.

    These can be used to verify the predictions ot the so-called Standard Solar Models (SSMs), which represent a benchmark for stellar evolution, and to constrain standard and non/standard energy generation and...

    Go to contribution page
  5. Aldo Ianni (INFN Gran Sasso Laboratory)
    06/07/2021, 08:15
    Why and how the Sun and the Stars shine: the Borexino experiment
    Invited talk in the parallel session

    The CNO cycle consists of a series of nuclear reactions that provide energy in stars. There exist multiple different cycles depending on temperature and relative abundance of elements in stars. In the Sun the CNO cycle is a catalyst cycle where nuclear reactions cycle through carbon, nitrogen and oxygen. Initially, a free proton fuses with a carbon-12 nucleus starting a sequence of reactions...

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  6. Tadao Mitsui (Research Center for Neutrino Science, Tohoku University)
    06/07/2021, 08:40
    Why and how the Sun and the Stars shine: the Borexino experiment
    Invited talk in the parallel session

    Geoneutrino observation is reviewed.
    The latest data of KamLAND and Borexino are included as well as the prospects of
    near future experiments.

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  7. Sandra Zavatarelli (INFN - Sezione di Genova)
    06/07/2021, 09:05
    Why and how the Sun and the Stars shine: the Borexino experiment
    Invited talk in the parallel session

    Astrophysical neutrinos cover at least 18 orders of magnitude in energy, starting from meV (relic neutrinos) till PeV, the highest energy neutrinos ever detected as of today. Among the possible extraterrestrial sources of antineutrinos are the supernovae explosions, gamma ray bursts, neutron and black hole mergers and solar flares. In the Sun, the conversion of solar neutrinos into...

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  8. Alessio Caminata (INFN Genova)
    07/07/2021, 09:30
    Why and how the Sun and the Stars shine: the Borexino experiment
    Invited talk in the parallel session

    Borexino, a large volume detector for low energy neutrino spectroscopy, is currently taking data underground since 2007 at the Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso, Italy. The main goal of the experiment is the real-time measurement of solar neutrinos, especially the low energy part of the spectrum. Neutrinos are detected via neutrino-electron scattering in an ultra-pure organic liquid...

    Go to contribution page
  9. Daniele Guffanti (Johannes Gutenberg-Universität - Institut für Physik)
    07/07/2021, 09:55
    Why and how the Sun and the Stars shine: the Borexino experiment
    Invited talk in the parallel session

    About 99 percent of solar energy is produced through sequences of nuclear processes that convert hydrogen into helium in the so-called pp-chain. The neutrinos emitted in five of these reactions represent a unique probe of the Sun’s internal working and, at the same time, offer an intense natural neutrino beam for fundamental physics research.
    The Borexino experiment consists of a large-volume...

    Go to contribution page
  10. Marco Pallavicini (INFN and University of Genova)
    07/07/2021, 10:25
    Why and how the Sun and the Stars shine: the Borexino experiment
    Invited talk in the parallel session

    Solar neutrinos provide a sample of electron neutrinos of different energies. They are therefore a unique probe of the electron neutrino propagation through solar matter and for the experimental study of the MSW effect. Borexino, with its unique purity and sensitivity, has been able to study individually all components, extracting the best test of electron neutrino survival probability to...

    Go to contribution page
  11. Dr Barbara Caccianiga
    07/07/2021, 10:50
    Why and how the Sun and the Stars shine: the Borexino experiment
    Invited talk in the parallel session

    Stars are fueled by nuclear reactions occurring in their core. In massive stars (approximately 1.3 more massive than our Sun) the dominant reactions are believed to be those belonging to the so-called CNO cycle, while in lighter stars (including our Sun) the proton-proton chain prevails. Until now, we had no direct experimental evidence of the existence of the CNO cycle.
    Recently, the...

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  12. Aldo Serenelli
    07/07/2021, 11:15
    Why and how the Sun and the Stars shine: the Borexino experiment
    Invited talk in the parallel session

    The detection of neutrinos produced by pp-chain and CNO-cycle provide us fundamental informations on the thermal stratification and on the chemical composition of the solar core.

    These can be used to verify the predictions ot the so-called Standard Solar Models (SSMs), which represent a benchmark for stellar evolution, and to constrain standard and non/standard energy generation and...

    Go to contribution page
  13. Aldo Ianni (INFN Gran Sasso Laboratory)
    07/07/2021, 11:40
    Why and how the Sun and the Stars shine: the Borexino experiment
    Invited talk in the parallel session

    The CNO cycle consists of a series of nuclear reactions that provide energy in stars. There exist multiple different cycles depending on temperature and relative abundance of elements in stars. In the Sun the CNO cycle is a catalyst cycle where nuclear reactions cycle through carbon, nitrogen and oxygen. Initially, a free proton fuses with a carbon-12 nucleus starting a sequence of reactions...

    Go to contribution page
  14. Sandra Zavatarelli (INFN - Sezione di Genova)
    07/07/2021, 12:05
    Why and how the Sun and the Stars shine: the Borexino experiment
    Invited talk in the parallel session

    The largest amount of antineutrinos detected about the Earth is emitted by the natural radioactive decays inside the Earth: more than 99% of the present-day Earth’s radiogenic heat is originated by the β$^{-}$ decays of $^{40}$K and of $^{232}$Th and $^{238}$U chains isotopes. Other flux components are provided by cosmic rays interactions in the atmosphere or by possible extra-terrestrial...

    Go to contribution page
  15. Alessio Caminata (INFN Genova)
    08/07/2021, 16:30
    Why and how the Sun and the Stars shine: the Borexino experiment
    Invited talk in the parallel session

    Borexino, a large volume detector for low energy neutrino spectroscopy, is currently taking data underground since 2007 at the Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso, Italy. The main goal of the experiment is the real-time measurement of solar neutrinos, especially the low energy part of the spectrum. Neutrinos are detected via neutrino-electron scattering in an ultra-pure organic liquid...

    Go to contribution page
  16. Alessandra Carlotta Re (Universita' degli Studi & INFN, Milano (Italy))
    08/07/2021, 16:55
    Why and how the Sun and the Stars shine: the Borexino experiment
    Invited talk in the parallel session

    About 99 percent of solar energy is produced through sequences of nuclear processes that convert hydrogen into helium in the so-called pp-chain. The neutrinos emitted in five of these reactions represent a unique probe of the Sun’s internal working and, at the same time, offer an intense natural neutrino beam for fundamental physics research.
    The Borexino experiment consists of a large-volume...

    Go to contribution page
  17. Marco Pallavicini (INFN and University of Genova)
    08/07/2021, 17:25
    Why and how the Sun and the Stars shine: the Borexino experiment
    Invited talk in the parallel session

    Solar neutrinos provide a sample of electron neutrinos of different energies. They are therefore a unique probe of the electron neutrino propagation through solar matter and for the experimental study of the MSW effect. Borexino, with its unique purity and sensitivity, has been able to study individually all components, extracting the best test of electron neutrino survival probability to...

    Go to contribution page
  18. Nicola Rossi (Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso (INFN))
    08/07/2021, 17:50
    Why and how the Sun and the Stars shine: the Borexino experiment
    Invited talk in the parallel session

    The Borexino has recently reported the first experimental evidence of neutrinos from the CNO cycle. Since this process accounts only for about 1% of the total energy production in the Sun, the associated neutrino flux, is extremely low as compared with the one from the pp-chain, the dominant process of hydrogen burning.
    This experimental evidence of the CNO neutrinos was obtained using the...

    Go to contribution page
  19. Francesco Villante
    08/07/2021, 18:15
    Why and how the Sun and the Stars shine: the Borexino experiment
    Invited talk in the parallel session

    The detection of neutrinos produced by pp-chain and CNO-cycle provide us fundamental informations on the thermal stratification and on the chemical composition of the solar core.

    These can be used to verify the predictions ot the so-called Standard Solar Models (SSMs), which represent a benchmark for stellar evolution, and to constrain standard and non/standard energy generation and...

    Go to contribution page
  20. Aldo Ianni (INFN Gran Sasso Laboratory)
    08/07/2021, 18:40
    Why and how the Sun and the Stars shine: the Borexino experiment
    Invited talk in the parallel session

    The CNO cycle consists of a series of nuclear reactions that provide energy in stars. There exist multiple different cycles depending on temperature and relative abundance of elements in stars. In the Sun the CNO cycle is a catalyst cycle where nuclear reactions cycle through carbon, nitrogen and oxygen. Initially, a free proton fuses with a carbon-12 nucleus starting a sequence of reactions...

    Go to contribution page
  21. Sandra Zavatarelli (INFN - Sezione di Genova)
    08/07/2021, 19:05
    Why and how the Sun and the Stars shine: the Borexino experiment
    Invited talk in the parallel session

    The largest amount of antineutrinos detected about the Earth is emitted by the natural radioactive decays inside the Earth: more than 99% of the present-day Earth’s radiogenic heat is originated by the β$^{-}$ decays of $^{40}$K and of $^{232}$Th and $^{238}$U chains isotopes. Other flux components are provided by cosmic rays interactions in the atmosphere or by possible extra-terrestrial...

    Go to contribution page
  22. Why and how the Sun and the Stars shine: the Borexino experiment
Building timetable...