Speaker
Description
The Crab Nebula is the remnant of the high energy event occurred in 1054 AD and reported in several historical documents. Even if the chronology is not always coherent for several reasons (time distance from the event to the report, political censorship, religious re-framing of the event…) the correlation between a strong visible event in daytime and the sudden spread of plagues in Egypt and Constantinoples emerged, and the interpretation of the event as GRB fitted well all data available: the first strong half-hour of radiation was visible at the Eastern horizon in America, at the meridian in Europe/Egypt with the largest death toll, and only 18 hours after in China/Japan with exponentially reduced radiation (Ruffini and Sigismondi, 2024). The radiation of GRB 190114c extrapolated to 1000 years well represented the current radiation expressed by the Crab Nebula (visible radiation, X-rays and Gamma-rays).
The discovery of the 33 ms Crab Pulsar by Hewish and Bell in 1967 has been associated to a Supernova explosion which originated the whole Nebula, and this remained the prevailing “vulgata” of the Crab event up to 2024, even if a first interpretation as GRB was proposed in 2010 (Polcaro and Martocchia 2010) comparing the historically-deduced light curve with GRB 080319B, due to its extreme luminosity. In addition to the Nebula, the binary driven hypernova model of GRBs predicts the production of a condensed body (a ms Pulsar) and a Black Hole.
The GRB 220101A produced a newly formed millisecond-pulsar, strengthening the identification of the Crab Event with a GRB within the BDHN scenary.
The Black Hole responsible of the Gamma-rays radiation is within the Nebula, gravitationally bound to it.