The 6th Bego Rencontre Summer School

Europe/Paris
ICRANet Seat at Villa Ratti Nice (France) and online
Remo Ruffini (ICRANet, ICRA, INAF)
Description
This meeting extends across two weeks from 4-14 July 2022. It aims to discuss recent developments in the theory and observations of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs), active galactic nuclei (AGNs), and dark matter (DM).
 

Some relevant topics to be discussed and devoted to GRBs and AGNs are:
  • The energy extraction process from rotating black holes (BHs) in the inner engine of the high-energy (e.g. GeV) emission of long GRBs and AGNs. Special attention is given to inner engines comprising a Kerr BH immersed in a magnetic field and ionized plasma. Recent developments on the topic, especially the problem of field screening, electric discharge, radiation properties, black hole physics, magnetohydrodynamics, and the maximum electric charge allowed in the inner engines, will be discussed.
  • Recent progress in GRB theory, for instance in the binary-driven hypernova (BdHN) model. This includes the physical explanation of the ultrarelativistic prompt emission (UPE) phase in the MeV regime, the afterglow emission in the X-rays, optical, and radio wavelengths, and the GeV emission.
  • Supernova associated with GRBs. The role of the supernova explosion in the entire emission of a long GRB.
  • GRBs at high-redshift and GRB-cosmology.
  • The emission of GRB cocoons. Observations.
  • The emission of M87*. Theory and observations.

 

Some relevant topics to be discussed and devoted to dark matter are:
  • Fermionic and bosonic dark matter: microphysics.
  • Fermionic and bosonic dark matter: macrophysics.
  • Recent developments in the description of the Galactic center (Sgr A*) as a core of dark matter.
  • Latest astrometric observations of stars orbiting Sgr A* and observational constraints on the nature of Sgr A*.
  • Latest news on the baryonic content in galaxies.
  • Strong gravitational lensing.
  • Dark matter in early cosmology. Cosmological simulations. Dark matter halo formation.

 

The meeting will be held in the Villa Ratti, the seat of ICRANet in Nice, France, and will follow a mixed format, in presence and online.

 

Invited speakers (TBC)

  • Aimuratov Yerlan
  • Amati Lorenzo
  • Arguelles Carlos Raul
  • Astesiano Davide
  • Becerra Bayona Laura
  • Bianco Carlo Luciano
  • Bondani Stefano
  • Boshkayev Kuantay
  • Crespi Valentina
  • Crosta Mariateresa
  • Dainotti Maria Giovanna
  • Della Valle Massimo
  • Fryer Christopher
  • Gregoris Daniele
  • Izzo Luca 
  • Kotlarik Petr
  • Li Liang 
  • Longo Francesco
  • Luo Wentao
  • Mavromatos Nick
  • Meneghetti Massimo
  • Mestre Martin
  • Mirabel Felix
  • Moradi Rahim 
  • Nakar Ehud
  • Peissker Florian
  • Petrosian Vahe
  • Piran Tsvi 
  • Re Federico
  • Re Fiorentin Paola
  • Rodriguez Ruiz José Fernando
  • Rosati Piero
  • Rueda Hernandez Jorge Armando
  • Ruffini Remo
  • Sahakyan Narek
  • Sigismondi Costantino
  • Spagna Alessandro
  • Troja Eleonora
  • Vereshchagin Gregory
  • Viel Matteo
  • Wang Yu
  • Waxman Eli
  • Xue Shesheng
  • Yunis Rafael
  • Zhang Bing

 

Registration fee:

  • Regular fee: 150 Euros
  • Reduced fee: 50 Euros (applied to students, retired scientists)

 

Group Picture

Registration
Participants
  • Aldo Treves
  • Alessandro Spagna
  • Andreas Krut
  • Apoorv Tripathi
  • Bing Zhang
  • Brian Punsly
  • Carlo Luciano Bianco
  • Carlos Argüelles
  • Chris Fryer
  • Clément Stahl
  • Costantino Sigismondi
  • Dafne Guetta
  • Daniele Gregoris
  • Davide Astesiano
  • Davood Rafiei Karkevandi
  • Debarshi Mukherjee
  • Deeshani Mitra
  • Devanshu Jha
  • Di Li
  • Eduar Antonio Becerra Vergara
  • Ehud Nakar
  • Eleonora Troja
  • Eli Waxman
  • Elisabetta Natale
  • Enrico Ramirez Ruiz
  • Fatemeh RastegarNia
  • Federico Re
  • Felicity Davie
  • Felix Mirabel
  • Florian Peißker
  • Francesco Haardt
  • Francesco Longo
  • Gregory Vereshchagin
  • Harutyun Khachatryan
  • Inderpreet Kaur
  • jagriti gautam
  • Johann Rafelski
  • Jorge Armando Rueda Hernandez
  • José Fernando Rodriguez Ruiz
  • Kajol Paithankar
  • Kuantay Boshkayev
  • Lang Xie
  • Laura Becerra Bayona
  • Liang Li
  • Lorenzo Amati
  • Luca Izzo
  • MANILA RAMRAKHYANI
  • Manizheh Botshekananfard
  • Manizheh Botshekananfard
  • Maria Dainotti
  • Maria Teresa Crosta
  • Martín Federico Mestre
  • Massimo Della Valle
  • Massimo Meneghetti
  • Matteo Luca Ruggiero
  • Matteo Viel
  • MAYANK KUMAR
  • Mayur Khairnar
  • Mimoza Hafizi
  • Mirzoyan Razmik
  • Narek Sahakyan
  • Nikolaos Mavromatos
  • Paola Re Fiorentin
  • Petr Kotlarik
  • Piero Rosati
  • Punit Punit
  • R Jothika
  • Rafael Ignacio Yunis
  • Rahim Moradi
  • Rahul Musale
  • Remo Ruffini
  • Rita Abani
  • Robert T Jantzen
  • Saeed Noori Gashti
  • Sara Azizi
  • Sareh Eslamzadeh
  • She-Sheng Xue
  • Soroush Shakeri
  • STEFANO BONDANI
  • Tavani Marco
  • Tsvi Piran
  • Tursynbek Yernazarov
  • Vahe Petrosian
  • Valentina Crespi
  • Vesselin Gueorguiev
  • Wentao Luo
  • Xiaohui Fan
  • Yashpal Bhulla
  • Ye-Fei Yuan
  • Yerlan Aimuratov
  • Yi-Fu Cai
  • Yu Wang
  • Yun Wang
  • Zhi-Ping Jin
    • 9:00 AM 12:15 PM
      Morning session: Dark Matter Galactic Center
      Convener: Carlo Luciano Bianco (ICRANet)
      • 9:00 AM
        Report on the July 1, 2022 ANVUR evaluation of ICRA and ICRANet 45m
        Speaker: Carlo Luciano Bianco (ICRANet)
      • 9:45 AM
        Local Cosmology in the Gaia era 22m

        The Galactic stellar populations can be used to test the predictions made by the Cold Dark Matter (CDM) model and compared with the observations at high redshift. Thanks to the modern astrometric, photometric and spectroscopic stellar surveys we can identify the «building blocks» of the Milky Way. Studies based on the Gaia DR’s and ground based spectroscopic surveys have already identified a major merger of a dwarf galaxy (GSE) at z=2 (10 Gyr ago) plus the debris of various minor mergers and streams in the Galactic halo, as well as in the Galactic disc (Icarus).

        Speaker: Alessandro Spagna
      • 10:07 AM
        Local Cosmology in the Gaia era 23m

        The Galactic stellar populations can be used to test the predictions made by the Cold Dark Matter (CDM) model and compared with the observations at high redshift. Thanks to the modern astrometric, photometric and spectroscopic stellar surveys we can identify the «building blocks» of the Milky Way. Studies based on the Gaia DR’s and ground based spectroscopic surveys have already identified a major merger of a dwarf galaxy (GSE) at z=2 (10 Gyr ago) plus the debris of various minor mergers and streams in the Galactic halo, as well as in the Galactic disc (Icarus).

        Speaker: Re Fiorentin Paola
      • 10:30 AM
        TBD 45m
        Speaker: Florian Peissker
      • 11:15 AM
        Coffee Break 15m
      • 11:30 AM
        The Intergalactic Medium as a cosmological probe 45m

        I will review the use of the Intergalactic Medium as a probe of fundamental physics.

        Speaker: Prof. Matteo Viel
    • 9:00 AM 1:00 PM
      Morning session: Dark Matter Galactic Center
      Convener: Aldo Treves (Università Insubria)
      • 9:00 AM
        Detectability of primordial black holes as a dark matter candidate with gravitational waves from the Galactic center 45m

        The inconclusive results in the search for a dark matter particle have led many to investigate primordial black holes as a possible alternative candidate. In my talk I will first review the basic theory of primordial black holes,
        their potential role in the dark matter problem, and the observational constraints already in place in this regard. In the second part of my talk I will explore their potential detectability (and limitations thereof) at the Galactic center via gravitational waves with upcoming space-based interferometers LISA and muAres.

        Speaker: Federico Re
      • 9:45 AM
        Detectability of primordial black holes as a dark matter candidate with gravitational waves from the Galactic center 45m
        Speaker: Stefano Bondani (University of Insubria)
      • 10:30 AM
        TBD 45m
        Speaker: Felix Mirabel (IAFE-Argentina)
      • 11:15 AM
        Coffee Break 15m
      • 11:30 AM
        2022 ICTP-SAIFR Prize in Classical Gravity and Applications 1h 30m
        Speaker: Carlos Raúl Argüelles (La Plata National University & ICRANet)
    • 1:00 PM 3:00 PM
      Lunch Break 2h
    • 5:00 PM 6:00 PM
      Afternoon session: Dark Matter Galactic Center
      Convener: Aldo Treves (Università Insubria)
      • 5:00 PM
        Small-scale structure, self-interacting fermions, and cosmology 45m
        Speaker: Rafael Yunis
    • 9:00 AM 1:00 PM
      Morning session: Dark Matter Galactic Center
      Convener: Piero Rosati
      • 9:00 AM
        Understanding Gravitational Entropy of Black Holes: A New Proposal via Curvature Invariants 45m

        Pioneered with the Christodoulou-Ruffini irreducible mass and subsequently reformulated with the Hawking-Bekenstein entropy, it can be shown that the area of the horizon of a black hole cannot decrease. Partly motivated by the arrow of time problem in cosmology and the Weyl curvature hypothesis, previous works in the literature have proposed - among other possibilities - the square of the Weyl curvature, as being the underlying entropy density function of black hole entropy, but the proposal suffers from a few drawbacks. In this work, we propose a new entropy density function also based solely on the Weyl curvature, but adopting some other combinations of curvature invariants. As an improvement we find that our method works for all static black hole solutions in four and five dimensional general relativity regardless of whether they are empty space solutions or not. It should also be possible to generalize our method to higher dimensions. This allows us to discuss the physical interpretation of black hole entropy, which remains somewhat mysterious. Extending to modified theories of gravity, our work also suggests that gravitational entropy in some theories is a manifestation of different physical effects since we need to choose different combinations of curvature quantities. My talk will be based on Phys. Rev. D 105, 104017 (2022).

        Speaker: Daniele Gregoris (danielegregoris@libero.it)
      • 9:45 AM
        RAR model: cosmological scales, galactic scales, and DM particle nature 45m
        Speaker: Carlos Raúl Argüelles (Universidad Nacional de La Plata)
      • 10:30 AM
        TBD 45m
        Speakers: Carlos Raúl Argüelles (La Plata National University & ICRANet), Carlos Raúl Argüelles (Universidad Nacional de La Plata)
      • 11:15 AM
        Coffe Break 15m
      • 11:30 AM
        Cosmography and tests of the LCDM paradigm with high-precision strong lensing modelling of galaxy clusters 45m

        I will show how high-precision strong lensing models of galaxy clusters based on high-quality HST imaging and spectroscopic VLT data can constrain the inner dark matter mass distribution of clusters and compared with cosmological simulations. The same lens models enable competitive time-delay cosmography and the study of high-redshift magnified star-forming galaxies.

        Speaker: Piero Rosati
      • 12:15 PM
        Constraining the core-halo structure of fermionic DM in the Galaxy with stellar streams 45m
        Speaker: Martin Mestre
    • 1:00 PM 3:00 PM
      Lunch Break 2h
    • 3:00 PM 4:30 PM
      Afternoon session: TBD
      Convener: Piero Rosati
      • 3:00 PM
        Strong lensing constraints on the small scale structure of galaxy clusters 45m

        I will discuss how strong lensing can be used to constrain the small-scale structure of galaxy clusters. I will discuss how recent observational results compare with predictions from numerical hydrodynamical simulations. In particular, I will show that current simulations in the context of the LCDM cosmological model fail to reproduce the observed abundance of galaxy-galaxy strong lensing events in galaxy clusters.

        Speaker: Massimo Meneghetti
      • 3:45 PM
        S2 star dynamics in high Dark Matter densities around SgrA* 45m
        Speaker: Valentina Crespi
    • 9:00 AM 1:00 PM
      Morning session: AGNs
      Convener: Gregory Vereshchagin (ICRANet)
      • 9:00 AM
        TBD 45m
        Speaker: Kuantay Boshkayev (Kazakh National University)
      • 9:45 AM
        W$ boson mass tension caused by its right-handed gauge coupling at high energies? 45m

        The recent high-precision measurement of the $W$ mass by the CDF collaboration is in $7.0~\sigma$ tension with the Standard Model (SM) expectation. This tension can be relieved if the $W$ boson possesses a non-trivial right-handed gauge coupling at high energies. Such a right-handed gauge coupling induces by the SM gauge symmetric four-fermion interactions at TeV scales, where SM fermions compose massive composite particles. We study the top-quark mass generated by spontaneous symmetry breaking and calculate the $W$ and $Z$ boson propagators and decays. The right-handed coupling corrections to their masses and widths are consistent with experimental measurements. We discuss the restoring parity-preserving gauge symmetries by the SM gauge bosons and composite
        particles at TeV scales.

        Speaker: She-Sheng Xue (ICRANet, Physics Department, Sapienza University of Rome)
      • 10:30 AM
        TBD 45m
        Speaker: Narek Sahakyan (ICRANet-Armenia)
      • 11:15 AM
        Coffe Break 15m
      • 11:30 AM
        TBD 45m
        Speaker: Razmik Mirzoyan (Max-Planck-Institute for Physics)
      • 12:15 PM
        The importance of the azimuth of sunrise and sunset in Archaeoastronomy: in memory of Francesco Giannini, collaborator of the ICRANet School Department 45m

        The measurement of the sunrise azimuth on the sea horizon of Pescara is made in the season 1-march to 4-july (and more) by using a fixed reference point in the foreground, and the coordinates y to the horizon level and x towards left (+) or right (-). The parabola obtained in this way will be analyzed with modern tools now available in many spreadsheets softwares. The comparison with the ephemerides of Stellarium allows to obtain the parallax angles to extrapolate the solar path down to the horizon in the case of clouds' covering.

        Speaker: Costantino Sigismondi (ICRA Sapienza and ICRANET Pescara)
    • 1:00 PM 3:00 PM
      Lunch Break
    • 3:00 PM 4:30 PM
      Afternoon session
      Convener: Gregory Vereshchagin (ICRANet)
      • 3:00 PM
        Ellipsoids evolution via GWs 45m
        Speaker: José Fernando Rodriguez Ruiz
    • 9:00 AM 1:00 PM
      Morning session: Fronteer
      Convener: Prof. She-Sheng Xue (ICRANet, Physics Department, Sapienza University of Rome)
      • 9:00 AM
        TBD 45m
        Speaker: Di Li (National Astronomical Observatories, China)
      • 9:45 AM
        TBD 10m
        Speaker: Lang Xie
      • 10:10 AM
        TBD 20m
        Speaker: Zhi-Peng Jin
      • 10:30 AM
        TBD 45m
        Speaker: Wentao Luo (USTC)
      • 11:15 AM
        Coffe Break 15m
      • 11:30 AM
        TBD 45m
        Speaker: Mimoza Hafizi (University of Tirana)
      • 12:15 PM
        Observations of GRB at HE and VHE energies: a long path to success 45m

        The lecture will review the path that led to the observation of GRBs at High and Very High Energies.

        Speaker: Francesco Longo (University of Trieste and INFN, Trieste)
    • 1:00 PM 3:00 PM
      Lunch Break 2h
    • 3:00 PM 3:45 PM
      Afternoon session
      Convener: She-Sheng Xue (ICRANet, Physics Department, Sapienza University of Rome)
      • 3:00 PM
        TBD 45m
        Speaker: Prof. Johann Rafelski
    • 9:00 AM 1:00 PM
      Morning session: Cocoon and BdHN model
      Convener: Dr Yerlan Aimuratov (Fesenkov Astrophysical Institute / al-Farabi Kazakh National University)
      • 9:00 AM
        3D fundamental plane relation from the high-energy (Fermi-LAT) to the optical wavelengths 45m
        Speaker: Maria Dainotti (National Astronomical Observatory of Japan)
      • 9:45 AM
        Cosmology with Gamma-Ray Bursts 45m
        Speaker: Lorenzo Amati (INAF - OAS Bologna)
      • 10:30 AM
        Jet propagation, shock breakout and Cocoon emission 45m

        During my classes I will describe the main physical processes that govern the propagation of a relativistic jet in dense media and the cocoon that develops during this propagation. Then I will discuss the emission that is released during the shock breakout from the surface of the media and the following cocoon expansion.

        Speaker: Ehud Nakar
      • 11:15 AM
        Coffe break 15m
      • 11:30 AM
        Photospheric emission from relativistic cocoons 45m
        Speaker: Gregory Vereshchagin (ICRANet)
      • 12:15 PM
        TBD 45m
        Speaker: Dafne Guetta
    • 1:00 PM 3:00 PM
      Lunch Break
    • 3:00 PM 5:45 PM
      Afternoon session
      Convener: Yerlan Aimuratov (Fesenkov Astrophysical Institute / al-Farabi Kazakh National University)
      • 3:00 PM
        TBD 45m
        Speaker: Tsvi Piran (The Hebrew University)
      • 3:45 PM
        Cosmologies with Gravitational Anomalies and Axions: modified profiles of Gravitational Waves and warm dark matter properties 45m

        I discuss a string inspired model of cosmology, characterised by
        gravitational anomalies and torsion, in the early stages,
        which may provide a geometric origin of the entire dark sector of the
        Universe, from a running-vacuum-model inflation to
        axionic dark matter, the axion degrees of freedom being associated with
        torsion. During inflation, the model may, under some circumstances, lead to
        enhanced gravitational-wave perturbations and produced densities of
        primordial black holes. At post inflationary (radiation) eras, in models
        with massive right-handed neutrinos, one may have CPT Violating
        Leptogenesis, as a result of Lorentz-Violating backgrounds of the
        torsion-related axion fields, generated during inflation from
        condensates of primordial gravitational waves that induce, in turn,
        gravitational-anomaly condensates.
        In the current era, such a model may contribute to observable in
        principle deviations from Lambda-CDM, and alleviation of the observed
        tensions in the cosmological data, provided, of course, the latter are
        not due to astrophysical/statistical uncertainties. Non-perturbative
        effects in such models (e.g. string instantons) may also generate
        non-derivative couplings between axions and right-handed neutrinos,
        which in turn may affect properties of warm dark matter in galactic
        structure.

        Speaker: Nikolaos Mavromatos (King's College London, Physics Department)
      • 4:30 PM
        Coffee break 30m
      • 5:00 PM
        TBD 45m
        Speaker: Vahe Petrosian
    • 9:00 AM 1:00 PM
      Morning session: Cocoon and BdHN Model
      Convener: Liang Li (ICRANet, Piazza della Repubblica 10, I-65122 Pescara, Italy)
      • 9:00 AM
        Jet propagation, shock breakout and Cocoon emission 45m

        During my classes I will describe the main physical processes that govern the propagation of a relativistic jet in dense media and the cocoon that develops during this propagation. Then I will discuss the emission that is released during the shock breakout from the surface of the media and the following cocoon expansion.

        Speaker: Ehud Nakar
      • 9:45 AM
        TBD 45m
        Speaker: Tsvi Piran (The Hebrew University)
      • 10:30 AM
        Multiscale gravitational astronomy in the Gaia era: general relativistic observables, models and tests for the Galaxy and its constituents. The Milky Way as Einstein’s paradigm. 45m
        Speaker: Mariateresa Crosta (INAF-OATo)
      • 11:15 AM
        Coffee break 15m
      • 11:30 AM
        Slowly rotating thin discs around a central black hole as possible relativistic model of galaxy 45m
        Speaker: Petr Kotlarik
      • 12:15 PM
        Relativistic models for galaxies 45m

        I will review exact solutions to Einstein’s field equations coupled to dust and discuss their application to galaxies’ dynamic.

        Speaker: Astesiano Davide
    • 1:00 PM 3:00 PM
      Lunch Break
    • 3:00 PM 5:45 PM
      Afternoon session
      Convener: Liang Li (ICRANet, Piazza della Repubblica 10, I-65122 Pescara, Italy)
      • 3:00 PM
        TBD 45m
        Speaker: Eleonora Troja (NASA/GSFC)
      • 4:30 PM
        Coffee break 30m
      • 5:00 PM
        The physics of fast radio bursts 45m

        I will review the observational facts, the current theoretical framework, and the open questions in the studies of fast radio bursts, a type of mysterious transients prevailing in the radio sky.

        Speaker: Bing Zhang (University of Nevada, Las Vegas)
    • 9:00 AM 1:00 PM
      Morning session: Supernovae
      Convener: Maria Dainotti (National Astronomical Observatory of Japan)
      • 9:00 AM
        TBD 45m
        Speaker: Massimo Della Valle
      • 9:45 AM
        Nature of the ultrarelativistic prompt emission phase of GRB 190114C and 180720B 45m
        Speaker: Rahim Moradi (ICRANet and ICRA-Sapienza)
      • 10:30 AM
        The search for jet cocoons in broad line supernovae 45m
        Speaker: Luca Izzo (University of Copenhagen)
      • 11:15 AM
        coffee break 15m
      • 11:30 AM
        ULTRASAT mission 45m

        ULTRASAT is a scientific satellite, that is planned to be launched to a geo-stationary orbit in Q2/Q3 2025. It will carry a telescope with an unprecedentedly large field of view (200 squared degrees) and UV (230-290nm) sensitivity. These unique properties will enable us to detect and systematically study transient astronomical events within an extra-Galactic volume, that is hundreds of time larger than that accessible to current observatories. ULTRASAT’s measurements will have a broad science impact across the fields of gravitational wave sources, supernovae, variable and flare stars, active galactic nuclei, tidal disruption events, compact objects, and galaxies. In this talk I will review ULTRASAT’s key science goals, its unique technical properties, and the project’s structure and status.

        Speaker: Eli Wazman
      • 12:15 PM
        Gamma-Ray Bursts Associated with Supernovae. Case studies: 190114C, 190829A, 130427A. 45m
        Speaker: Yerlan Aimuratov (Fesenkov Astrophysical Institute / al-Farabi Kazakh National University)
    • 1:00 PM 3:00 PM
      Lunch Break
    • 3:00 PM 5:45 PM
      Afternoon session
      Convener: Maria Dainotti (National Astronomical Observatory of Japan)
      • 3:45 PM
        SPH simulations of the Induced Gravitational Collapse 45m

        In the IGC paradigm, a carbon-oxygen star (COcore) collapses and explodes in a supernova (SN), the material ejected in the explosion is gravitational attracted by its companion, a neutron star (NS), taking place a hypercritical accretion process onto it. For compact systems, the accretion rate could be enough high to lead the NS to reach its critical mass, collapse in a black hole (BH) and emitted a gamma ray burst (GRB). With the aim to identify the separatrix of systems in which a BH is formed and characterize the observational signatures of each process, we have performed 3D-SPH numerical simulations of the SN expansion under the presence of the NS companion and explored a wide range of the initial parameter space.

        I will outline the consequences in the observation of long gamma-ray bursts (GRBs).

        Speaker: Laura Becerra Bayona
      • 4:30 PM
        Coffee break 30m
      • 5:00 PM
        General discussion 45m
    • 9:00 AM 1:00 PM
      Morning session: GRB 171205A and GRB 220101
      Convener: Carlos Raúl Argüelles (Universidad Nacional de La Plata)
      • 9:00 AM
        Binary-Driven Hypernovae: building blocks and future developments 45m
        Speaker: Jorge Armando Rueda Hernandez (ICRANet)
      • 9:45 AM
        BdHN at large distances (2) spectral analysis 45m
        Speaker: Liang Li (ICRANet, Piazza della Repubblica 10, I-65122 Pescara, Italy)
      • 10:30 AM
        GRB 190829A - A Showcase of Binary Late Evolution 45m
        Speaker: Yu Wang (ICRANet, INAF)
      • 11:15 AM
        Coffee break 15m
      • 11:30 AM
        General discussion 1h 30m
    • 1:00 PM 3:00 PM
      Lunch Break
    • 3:00 PM 5:45 PM
      Afternoon session
      Convener: Carlos Raúl Argüelles (Universidad Nacional de La Plata)
      • 3:45 PM
        TBD 45m
        Speaker: Chris Fryer (Los Alamos National Laboratory)
      • 4:30 PM
        Coffe Break 30m
      • 5:00 PM
        Concluding remarks 45m
        Speakers: Jorge Armando Rueda Hernandez (ICRANet), Remo Ruffini (ICRANet, ICRA, INAF)